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SRI LANKA: Spring 2004

'I have never heard Deepal swear – until this year! Immediately following this year's spectacular second encounter with Serendib Scops Owl (Deepal's Owl as it’s become known) he was heard to exclaim 'Bxxxxx hxxx that was a good view, wasn't it.' 'Good view' was a serious understatement. It really was pretty spectacular.

After a delayed outbound flight from London, the rest of the trip ran like a dream with birds, birds and still more birds, some superb cultural sights and some well appreciated shopping interludes.

Our first day in the country saw us travelling from Colombo inland to Kitulgala stopping for the only Ashy Woodswallows of the tour. The itinerary had been changed to give us two nights at Kitulgala and this worked well. One of our first Sri Lankan endemics, and usually one of the scarcest, was White-throated Flowerpecker and we were treated to exquisite views of a pair in a fruiting tree right next to the front door of our first hotel! Other specialities followed once we'd crossed the famous Bridge over the river Kwai river later that day – umpteen Sri Lanka Hanging Parrots, reasonable views of several Brown-backed Needletails and our first Indian Pitta.

Day two had us watching a Black Bittern, and a few of us a local rarity in the shape of a Cinnamon Bittern, before the breakfast table had even been set. Our second trip in to Kitulgala Sanctuary produced excellent views of a Chestnut-backed Owlet, our first Layard's Parakeets and a truly outstanding performance from a gorgeous Red-faced Malkoha (third in the 'Bird of the Trip' stakes). The latter was promptly followed by an equally obliging pair of Malabar Trogons and then by a Green-billed Coucal. By the time we returned to our hotel we'd also notched up good views of Sri Lanka Magpie and a couple of Spot-winged Thrushes.

Leaving Kitulgala early on day four we stopped at one of Deepal's back-up stakeouts. Sure enough he delivered, as he would do throughout the entire trip, and we were soon watching a pair of Sri Lanka Frogmouths at their daytime roost. Our first Sri Lanka Wood Pigeon was also Deepal's first at this lowland site. Our next destination was near the gem mining town of Ratnapura and our early evening excursion produced a spectacular encounter with a stooping adult Rufous-bellied Eagle and a number of Plum-headed Parakeets.

Then to Sinharaja, another excellent humid rain forest site still in the heart of the wet zone. It didn't take us too long to catch up on the remaining wet zone specialities, White-faced Starling, Sri Lanka Myna and Ashy-headed Laughingthrush and we even encountered a couple of bonuses in the shape of Crested Goshawk and a fine Chestnut-winged Cuckoo. Then it was back to our very comfortable hotel at Ratnapura for a well-earned rest.

After the previous day's successes we didn't need to return to Sinharaja and Deepal took us instead to a site for Sri Lanka Spurfowl, often the most elusive of the country's endemics. With a deal of effort and a run-around that had the words to the 'Grand Old Duke of York' ringing in our heads most of us were rewarded with views. There was also ‘scope views of an obliging Indian Cuckoo and a Black Eagle on the way back and a couple more night birds, Indian Scops Owl and Jerdon's Nightjar, rounded off what had been another rewarding day on what was already shaping up to be an outstanding Sri Lankan tour.

Heading south to Embelipitiya, yet another Sri Lankan place name that's more easily spelt than pronounced, we spent the afternoon driving around Uda Walawe National Park. We hadn't even entered the reserve when we found our first target – though they're not noted as particularly skilled skulkers and by the end of the drive we'd notched up over 40 Asiatic Elephants! Other goodies here included the only Lesser Adjutants of the tour plus a good number of raptors. Black-shouldered Kite, White-bellied Sea Eagle, a fine male Montagu's Harrier and a couple of obliging Changeable Hawk-eagles headed the list while one participant found us a Sri Lankan scarcity in the shape of an attractive pale morph Booted Eagle. Other goodies included a number of dry zone specialities – Barred Buttonquail, good numbers of Yellow-wattled Lapwings, Orange-breasted Green Pigeons, Pied and Grey-bellied Cuckoos, Sirkeer Malkoha and more Malabar Pied Hornbills than we could shake a stick at!

The following morning saw us stopping at a startlingly bird thronged pond. Here, among the multitude of breeding plumaged Pheasant-tailed Jacanas, we found a couple of Cotton Pygmy Geese, several Yellow and Black Bitterns and two Watercock, while nearby Deepal found us an unusually confiding pair of Blue-faced Malkohas. On from there we stopped at a series of coastal lagoons and were rewarded with excellent views of Spot-billed Pelicans and both species of crested tern. An afternoon jeep drive in the world renown Yala National Park went on longer than it should have and produced several globally endangered Black-necked Storks and some corking views of Great Thick-knees. Mammals came in the shape of our only Water Buffalos and Golden Jackal of the tour and, for a few in the rear jeep, a Leopard! Oh and then there were the Blyth's Pipits and Indian Nightjars on the way back to the hotel…

The following morning our third jeep drive took us around Bundala National Park. A belly deep Elephant wasn't the only wader we saw – others included five Small Pratincoles and an evasive Broad-billed Sandpiper. Other goodies came in the shape of a dark morph Western Reef Egret and an adult Grey-headed Fish Eagle. Deepal took us around one of Tissa's larger tanks (reservoirs) in the afternoon and soon found us a roosting Brown Fish Owl. This was quickly followed by a roosting male White-naped Woodpecker in the very palm tree hole that Deepal had told us it would be.

We again drove through Yala National Park the following morning, stopping to see both Oriental Scops Owl and Jerdon's Nightjar before climbing up in to the hills, past a rock-shopping stop close to the Rawana Falls, and on to Nuwara Eliya. A stop on the way gave us a couple of male Pied Thrushes and at least two more Indian Pittas. After lunch we ventured in to Victoria Park close to the town centre and it wasn't long before we'd all added Indian Blue Robin to our burgeoning lists. Some of us spent half-an-hour or so accompanying Deepal in a successful search for Slaty-legged Crake close to the hotel in the early evening.

Climbing still higher we spent the following morning shrouded in cloud up on Horton's Plain. Not even this stopped us finding the birds however. Typically the most elusive species here is Sri Lanka Whistling Thrush but the sun had barely risen before we were being treated to a memorable performance from a singing male. Good views of the endemic but unjustly named Dull Blue Flycatcher followed within minutes and this by Sri Lanka Bush Warbler and then the last of the country's accepted endemic species, the strikingly attractive Yellow-eared Bulbul. Leaving the plateau our next stop was at a nest site of Jerdon's Baza that Deepal had discovered a month earlier. The bird wasn't there, or maybe it was present and was just obscured by the cloud. One of our participants found it on our second visit an hour or so later and we were all treated to excellent views of this rare raptor. Hill Swallows before lunch and a cracking male Kashmir Flycatcher rounded off yet another excellent day.

On to the historic city of Kandy where lunch, shopping, more shopping and a brief birding session (resulting in excellent views of the endemic Sri Lankan subspecies of Common Hawk Cuckoo) awaited. We visited the Temple of the Sacred Tooth, one of the two most venerated Buddhist sites in the world later, the same evening.

The following day started well with a brief, but successful, visit to Udawattekale on the outskirts of Kandy. Here we were treated to excellent views of a couple of Indian Pittas and Indian Blue Robins followed shortly afterwards by a pair of red-backed Greater Flamebacks. Heading north we made a couple of well received cultural stops, the first at a batik factory and the second at a spice garden. Lunch in a delightful hotel close to the spectacular Sigiriya rock was followed by good views of a male White-rumped Shama and then a distant Shaheen Falcon found roosting on the rock itself. A fantastic Oriental Dwarf Kingfisher followed and posed beautifully for the cameras.

The next morning was spent sightseeing, again ably guided by Deepal, around the ancient capital of Polonnaruwa. Birds weren't neglected however and it was rightly fitting that Deepal found the last addition to our tour bird list – a pair of Little Ringed Plovers at Polonnaruwa.

And that was it, a shorter than anticipated drive back to Colombo, dinner, and a comfortable last night's sleep. So ended our massively successful Sri Lanka tour. We'd seen all of Sri Lanka’s 24, 25 or even 27 endemics, (authorities differ on the exact number of endemics and in all probability there was closer to 40 anyway). 'Deepal's Owl' easily topped the 'Bird of the Trip' poll and yet we'd seen and done much more than that.’ Paul Holt.

Bird List

This is a list of all the species seen during the last ten tours to Sri Lanka.

Column A = Number of tours on which this species has been recorded.

Column B = Number of days this species was seen on the last tour.

Column C = Maximum daily count for this species on the last tour.

H = Heard only

(H) = Species seen, but most birds only heard

E = Endemic

Essp. = Endemic subspecies

A		B	C
10	Little Grebe	5	20		Tachybaptus ruficollis
10	Little Cormorant	11	100		Phalacrocorax niger
10	Indian Cormorant	4	30		Phalacrocorax fuscicollis
10	Great Cormorant	1	3		Phalacrocorax carbo
10	Oriental Darter	3	6		Anhinga melanogaster
10	Spot-billed Pelican	2	50		Pelecanus philippensis
10	Lesser Whistling Duck	3	30		Dendrocygna javanica
5	Cotton Pygmy-goose	1	2		Nettapus coromandelianus
3	Common Teal				Anas crecca
10	Northern Pintail	2	200		Anas acuta
10	Garganey	2	320		Anas querquedula
4	Shoveler	2	50		Anas clypeata
6	Greater Flamingo				Phoenicopterus ruber
10	Little Egret	7	40		Egretta garzetta
2	Western Reef Egret	1	1		Egretta gularis
10	Intermediate Egret	9	10		Egretta intermedia
10	Grey Heron	3	10		Ardea cinerea
10	Purple Heron	4	15		Ardea purpurea
10	Great Egret	4	40		Casmerodius alba
10	Cattle Egret	13	200		Bubulcus ibis
10	Indian Pond Heron	13	100		Ardeola grayii
5	Striated Heron	1	1		Butorides striatus
10	Black-crowned Night Heron	1	4		Nycticorax nycticorax
10	Yellow Bittern	2	8		Ixobrychus sinensis
6	Cinnamon Bittern	1	1		Ixobrychus cinnamomeus
10	Black Bittern	2	8		Ixobrychus flavicollis
3	Glossy Ibis				Plegadis falcinellus
10	Black-headed Ibis	6	20		Threskiornis melanocephalus
10	Eurasian Spoonbill	3	30		Platalea leucorodia
10	Painted Stork	2	60		Mycteria leucocephala
10	Asian Openbill	4	40		Anastomus oscitans
10	Woolly-necked Stork	3	4		Ciconia episcopus
8	Black-necked Stork	1	3		Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus
4	Lesser Adjutant	1	2		Leptoptilos javanicus
3	Jerdon’s Baza	1	1		Aviceda jerdoni
10	Oriental Honey Buzzard	8	4		Pernis ptilorhynchus ruficollis
10	Black-winged Kite	2	5		Elanus caeruleus
10	Brahminy Kite	7	8		Haliastur Indus
10	White-bellied Sea Eagle	4	4		Haliaeetus leucogaster
9	Grey-headed Fish Eagle	1	1		Ichthyophaga ichthyaetus
10	Crested Serpent Eagle	4	3		Spilornis cheela spilogaster Essp.
7	Marsh Harrier				Circus a. aeruginosus
3	Pallid Harrier				Circus macrourus
2	Montagu’s Harrier	1	1		Circus pygargus
4	Crested Goshawk	1	1		Accipiter trivirgatus layardi Essp.
10	Shikra	6	2		Accipiter badius
4	Besra				Accipiter virgatus
8	Common Buzzard				Buteo buteo
1	Osprey				Pandion haliaetus
9	Black Eagle	2	1		Ictinaetus malayensis
2	Booted Eagle	1	1		Hieraaetus pennatus
4	Rufous-bellied Eagle	2	1		Hieraeetus kienerii
10	Changeable Hawk Eagle	4	1		Spizaetus cirrhatus ceylonensis Essp.
5	Mountain Hawk Eagle				Spizaetus nipalensis kelaarti Essp.
9	Kestrel	1	2		Falco tinnunculus
5	Peregrine Falcon 'Shaheen'	1	2		Falco peregrinus peregrinator
9	Sri Lanka Spurfowl	2	3		Galloperdix bicalcarata E
10	Sri Lanka Junglefowl	6	6	(H)	Gallus lafayetii E
10	Indian Peafowl	4	20		Pavo cristatus
10	Barred Buttonquail	2	6		Turnix suscitator leggei Essp.
3	Slaty-legged Crake	1	2		Rallina eurizonoides
10	White-breasted Waterhen	11	10		Amaurornis phoenicurus
1	Baillon's Crake				Porzana pusilla
2	Ruddy-breasted Crake				Porzana fusca
9	Watercock	2	2		Gallicrex cinerea
10	Purple Swamphen	3	50		Porphyrio porphyrio poliocephalus
10	Common Moorhen	2	8		Gallinula chloropus
1	Eurasian Coot				Fulica atra
10	Pheasant-tailed Jacana	3	150		Hydrophasianus chirurgus
3	Greater Painted-snipe				Rostratula benghalensis
10	Pintail Snipe	3	10		Gallinago stenura
1	Common Snipe				Gallinago gallinago
10	Black-tailed Godwit	2	20		Limosa limosa
1	Bar-tailed Godwit				Limosa lapponica
6	Whimbrel				Numenius phaeopus
6	Eurasian Curlew	1	1		Numenius arquata
10	Common Redshank	3	20		Tringa totanus
10	Marsh Sandpiper	3	30		Tringa stagnatilis
10	Common Greenshank	4	10		Tringa nebularia
10	Green Sandpiper	1	1		Tringa ochropus
10	Wood Sandpiper	4	4		Tringa glareola
6	Terek Sandpiper				Xenus cinereus
10	Common Sandpiper	8	4		Actitis hypoleucos
10	Ruddy Turnstone	2	6		Arenaria interpres
4	Sanderling	1	2		Calidris alba
10	Little Stint	2	200		Calidris minuta
5	Temminck’s Stint				Calidris temminckii
10	Curlew Sandpiper	2	50		Calidris ferruginea
6	Broad-billed Sandpiper	1	1		Limicola falcinellus
5	Ruff				Philomachus pugnax
7	Red-necked Phalarope	2	9		Phalaropus lobatus
7	Eurasian Thick-knee	2	2		Burhinus oedicnemus
10	Great Thick-knee	2	6		Burhinus recurvirostris
10	Black-winged Stilt	4	50		Himantopus himantopus
1	Oriental Pratincole				Glareola maldivarum
1	Collared Pratincole				Glareola pratincola
10	Small Pratincole	1	5		Glareola lactea
10	Pacific Golden Plover	2	10		Pluvialis fulva
10	Grey Plover	2	4		Pluvialis squatarola
6	Common Ringed Plover	1	2		Charadrius hiaticula
10	Little Ringed Plover	1	2		Charadrius dubius
10	Kentish Plover	3	30		Charadrius alexandrinus
10	Lesser Sand Plover	2	50		Charadrius mongolus
9	Greater Sand Plover	2	6		Charadrius leschenaultii
10	Yellow-wattled Lapwing	2	20		Vanellus malabaricus
10	Red-wattled Lapwing	8	20		Vanellus indicus lankae Essp.
10	Brown-headed Gull	2	5		Larus brunnicephalus
10	Whiskered Tern	7	100		Chlidonias hybridus
10	White-winged Black Tern	2	30		Chlidonias leucopterus
10	Gull-billed Tern	4	20		Gelochelidon nilotica
10	Caspian Tern	2	30		Sterna caspia
10	Great Crested Tern	1	15		Sterna bergii
10	Lesser Crested Tern	2	4		Sterna bengalensis
8	Common Tern				Sterna hirundo
10	Little Tern	2	200		Sterna albifrons
3	Saunders’s Tern				Sterna saundersi
10	Rock Dove	12	30		Columba livia
10	Sri Lanka Wood Pigeon	2	3		Columba torringtoni E
10	Spotted Dove	13	50		Streptopelia chinensis ceylonensis Essp.
10	Emerald Dove	5	8		Chalcophaps indica robinsoni Essp.
10	Orange-breasted Green Pigeon	4	10		Treron bicincta leggei Essp.
10	Pompadour Green Pigeon	7	8		Treron p. pompadora Essp.
10	Green Imperial Pigeon	8	20		Ducula aenea
10	Sri Lanka Hanging Parrot	9	20		Loriculus beryllinus E
10	Alexandrine Parakeet	5	100		Psittacula eupatria
10	Rose-ringed Parakeet	7	200		Psittacula krameri
10	Plum-headed Parakeet	3	4		Psittacula cyanocephala
10	Layard's Parakeet	4	10		Psittacula calthropae E
10	Pied Cuckoo	3	2		Clamator jacobinus
5	Chestnut-winged Cuckoo	1	1		Clamator coromandus
5	Common Hawk Cuckoo	1	1		Cuculus varius ciceliae Essp.
9	Indian Cuckoo	1	1		Cuculus micropterus
10	Banded Bay Cuckoo	2	1	H	Cacomantis sonneratii waiti Essp.
10	Grey-bellied Cuckoo	2	3		Cacomantis passerinus
3	Drongo Cuckoo				Surniculus lugubris stewarti Essp.
10	Asian Koel	7	5	(H)	Eudynamys scolopacea
10	Blue-faced Malkoha	2	3		Phaenicophaeus viridirostris
8	Sirkeer Malkoha	2	3		Phaenicophaeus leschenaultii
10	Red-faced Malkoha	2	1		Phaenicophaeus pyrrhocephalus E
10	Greater Coucal	12	4		Centropus sinensis
10	Green-billed Coucal	2	1	(H)	Centropus chlororhynchos E
1	Barn Owl				Tyto alba
3	Oriental Scops Owl	1	4	(H)	Otus sunia leggei Essp.
8	Indian Scops Owl	1	1		Otus b. bakkamoena
4	Serendib Scops Owl	2	2		(No scientific name)
10	Brown Fish Owl	1	1		Ketupa z. zeylonensis Essp.
4	Brown Wood-Owl				Strix leptogrammica indranee
10	Chestnut-backed Owlet	2	2	(H)	Glaucidium castanonotum E
2	Jungle Owlet				Glaucidium radiatum
4	Brown Hawk Owl	2	2	H	Ninox scutulata
10	Sri Lanka Frogmouth	4	5	(H)	Batrachostomus monileger
10	Jerdon's Nightjar	2	2		C. atripennis aequabilis Essp.
10	Indian Nightjar	1	4		Caprimulgus asiaticus eidos Essp.
10	Crested Treeswift	8	10		Hemiprocne coronata
10	Indian Swiftlet	6	40		Chaetura unicolor
10	Brown-backed Needletail	1	3		Hirundapus giganteus
10	Asian Palm Swift	7	10		Cypsiurus balasiensis
8	Alpine Swift	1	2		Apus melba bakeri Essp.
10	Little Swift	10	40		Apus affinis singalensis Essp.
10	Malabar Trogon	2	4		Harpactes f. fasciatus Essp.
10	Eurasian Kingfisher	8	4		Alcedo atthis
6	Oriental Dwarf Kingfisher	2	1		Ceyx erithacus
10	Stork-billed Kingfisher	6	2		Pelargopsis capensis
10	White-throated Kingfisher	13	30		Halcyon smyrnensis
5	Black-capped Kingfisher				Halcyon pileata
10	Pied Kingfisher	1	2		Ceryle rudis
10	Little Green Bee-eater	6	20		Merops orientalis
10	Blue-tailed Bee-eater	10	20		Merops philippinus
10	Chestnut-headed Bee-eater	4	20		Merops leschenaulti
10	Indian Roller	5	10		Coracias benghalensis
1	Broad-billed Roller				Coracias eurostomus
10	Eurasian Hoopoe	1	3		Upupa epops
10	Sri Lanka Grey Hornbill	6	5		Ocyceros gingalensis E
10	Malabar Pied Hornbill	2	37		Anthracoceros coronatus
10	Brown-headed Barbet	10	6		Megalaima z. zeylanica Essp.
10	Yellow-fronted Barbet	6	10		Megalaima flavifrons E
10	Crimson-fronted Barbet	4	6		Megalaima r. rubricapilla Essp.
10	Coppersmith Barbet	3	4		Megalaima haemacephala
10	Brown-capped Woodpecker	2	1		Dendrocopos n. gymnophthalamus Essp.
9	Yellow-crowned Woodpecker	1	2		Dendrocopos mahrattensis
7	Rufous Woodpecker				Celeus brachyurus
10	Lesser Yellownape	5	2		Picus chlorolophus wellsi Essp.
10	Black-rumped Flameback	8	3		Dinopium benghalense psarodes Essp.
10	Greater Flameback	1	3		C. lucidus stricklandi Essp.
10	White-naped Woodpecker	1	1		Chrysocolaptes festivus tantus Essp.
10	Indian Pitta	6	8	(H)	Pitta brachyura
10	White-browed Fantail	5	4		Rhipidura aureola
10	Black-naped Monarch	3	4		Hypothymis azurea ceylonensis Essp.
10	'Sri Lanka' Asian Paradise Flycatcher	10	4		Terpsiphone p. paradisi/ceylonensis Essp.
4	Black Drongo				Dicrurus macrocercus minor Essp.
5	Ashy Drongo				Dicrurus leucophaeus
10	White-bellied Drongo	8	20		D. caerulescens leucopygialis Essp.
	“ “ “	1	1		D. c. insularis Essp.
10	Greater Racket-tailed Drongo	5	4		Dicrurus paradiseus lophorinus Essp.
10	Sri Lanka Magpie	2	4		Urocissa ornata E
10	House Crow	11	200		Corvus splendens
10	Jungle Crow	11	400		Corvus macrorhynchos culminatus
10	Ashy Woodswallow	1	4		Artamus fuscus
10	Common Iora	5	4		Aegithinia tiphia multicolour
10	Black-hooded Oriole	9	10		Oriolus xanthornus ceylonensis Essp.
7	Large Cuckoo-shrike	2	2		Coracina macei layardi Essp.
10	Black-headed Cuckoo-shrike	3	1		Coracina melanoptera
10	Small Minivet	6	6		Pericrocotus cinnamomeus
10	Scarlet Minivet	3	4		Pericrocotus flammeus
9	Bar-winged Flycatcher-shrike	3	2		Hemipus picatus leggei Essp.
10	Blue-winged Leafbird	2	3		Chloropsis cochinchinensis jerdoni
10	Golden-fronted Leafbird	2	1		Chloropsis aurifrons
2	Bay-backed Shrike				Lanius vittatus
9	Brown Shrike	8	7		Lanius cristatus
10	Common Woodshrike	3	3		Tephrodornis pondicerianus affinis Essp.
10	Sri Lanka Whistling Thrush	1	1		Myiophoneus blighi E
10	Pied Thrush	1	4		Zoothera wardii
10	Spot-winged Thrush	3	3	(H)	Zoothera spiloptera E
5	Scaly Thrush				Zoothera dauma imbricata Essp.
9	Blackbird	1	4		Turdus merula kinnissi Essp.
9	White-faced Starling	1	2		Sturnus senex E
10	Brahminy Starling	1	12		Sturnus pagodarum
6	Rosy Starling	2	5		Sturnus roseus
10	Common Myna	12	50		Acridotheres tristis melanosturnus Essp.
10	Sri Lanka Myna	1	6		Gracula ptilogenys E
9	Southern Hill Myna	4	4		Gracula indica
10	Asian Brown Flycatcher	2	2		Muscicapa dauurica
10	Brown-breasted Flycatcher	6	3		Muscicapa muttui
10	Kashmir Flycatcher	1	2		Ficedula subrubra
10	Dull Blue Flycatcher	1	10		Eumyias sordida E
10	Tickell's Blue Flycatcher	5	4		Cyornis tickelliae jerdoni Essp.
7	Grey-headed Canary Flycatcher	1	2		Culicicapa c. ceylonensis Essp.
10	Indian Blue Robin	3	4		Luscinia brunnea
10	Oriental Magpie Robin	12	8		Copsychus saularis ceylonensis
10	White-rumped Shama	1	2		Copsychus malabaricus leggei Essp.
10	Indian Robin	8	6		Saxicoloides fulicata leucoptera Essp.
10	Pied Bush Chat	2	3		Saxicola caprata atrata Essp.
10	Velvet-fronted Nuthatch	2	2		Sitta frontalis
7	Sand Martin	1	8		Riparia riparia
10	Barn Swallow	10	200		Hirundo rustica
10	Hill Swallow	2	10		Hirundo domicola
10	Red-rumped Swallow	6	8		Hirundo daurica hyperythra Essp.
	“ “ “	2	1
10	Black-headed Yellow Bulbul	3	6		Pycnonotus m. melanicterus Essp.
10	Red-vented Bulbul	13	40		P. cafer haemorrhousus
10	Yellow-eared Bulbul	1	10		Pycnonotus penicillatus E
10	White-browed Bulbul	8	10	(H)	Pycnonotus luteolus insulae Essp.
10	Yellow-browed Bulbul	5	10		Iole indica
	“ “ “				I. i. Guglielmi Essp.
10	Black Bulbul	5	20		Hypsipetes leucocephalus humei Essp.
10	Sri Lanka White-eye	5	15		Zosterops ceylonensis E
10	Oriental White-eye	7	6		Zosterops palpebrosus egregia Essp.
10	Zitting Cisticola	3	2		Cisticola juncidis cursitans
	“ “	1	1		Cisticola juncidis omalura Essp.
10	Grey-breasted Prinia	2	3		Prinia hodgsoni leggei Essp.
10	Jungle Prinia	2	3		Prinia sylvatica valida Essp.
10	Ashy Prinia	3	6		Prinia socialis brevicauda Essp.
10	Plain Prinia	5	6		Prinia inornata insularis Essp.
10	Sri Lanka Bush Warbler	1	2		Bradypterus palliseri E
10	Pallas's Grasshopper Warbler				Locustella certhiola
10	Blyth's Reed Warbler	11	6		Acrocephalus dumetorum
10	Clamorous Reed Warbler	1	3		A. stentoreus meridionalis Essp.
10	Common Tailorbird	12	4		Orthotomus s. sutorius Essp.
	“ “	1	3		“ “ fernandornis Essp.
1	Greenish Warbler				Phylloscopus trochiloides
10	‘Green’ Warbler	11	8	(H)	Phylloscopus trochiloides nitidus
10	Large-billed Leaf Warbler	5	5	(H)	Phylloscopus magnirostris
10	Ashy-headed Laughingthrush	1	4		Garrulax cinereifrons E
10	Brown-capped Babbler	3	3		Pellorneum f. fuscocapillum E. Essp.
	“ “ “	1	3		" " babaullti E. Essp.
10	Indian Scimitar Babbler	3	2	(H)	P. schisticeps melanurus Essp.
	“ “ “	2	8		“ " holsworthi Essp.
9	Tawny-bellied Babbler	1	2		Dumetia hyperythra phillipsi Essp.
10	Dark-fronted Babbler	3	10		Rhopocichla atriceps nigrifrons Essp.
	" " "	1	1		“ “ siccata
10	Yellow-eyed Babbler	2	1		Chrysomma sinense nasale Essp.
10	Orange-billed Babbler	5	10		Turdoides rufescens E
10	Yellow-billed Babbler	12	30		Turdoides affinis taprobanus Essp.
10	Great Tit	3	10		Parus major mahrattarum
2	Jerdon’s Bushlark	4	15		Mirafra affinis
9	Ashy-crowned Sparrow-Lark	1	15		Eremopterix grisea
10	Oriental Skylark	2	4		Alauda gulgula
10	House Sparrow	10	100		Passer domesticus indicus
8	White-throated Munia	4	8		Lonchura malabarica
9	White-rumped Munia	6	15		Lonchura striata
10	Black-throated Munia	2	6		Lonchura k. kelaarti Essp.
10	Scaly-breasted Munia	6	20		Lonchura punctulata
9	Black-headed Munia	2	30		Lonchura malacca
10	Forest Wagtail	6	8		Dendronanthus indicus
2	White Wagtail				Motacilla alba
1	Citrine Wagtail				Motacilla citreola
10	Yellow Wagtail	3	10		Motacilla flava
	“ “ (Grey-headed)	2	4		Motacilla flava thunbergi
10	Grey Wagtail	9	6		Motacilla cinerea
10	Paddyfield Pipit	5	10		Anthus rufulus
7	Blyth’s Pipit	1	10		Anthus godlewskii
1	Richard’s Pipit				Anthus richardi
9	Streaked Weaver	1	4		Ploceus manyar
10	Baya Weaver	2	10		Ploceus philippinus
9	Thick-billed Flowerpecker	1	2		Dicaeum agile zeylonicum Essp.
10	White-throated Flowerpecker	5	2		Dicaeum vincens E
10	Pale-billed Flowerpecker	11	10		D. erythrorhychos ceylonense
10	Purple-rumped Sunbird	11	6		Nectarinia z. zeylonica Essp.
10	Purple Sunbird	4	6		Nectarinia asiatica
10	Long-billed Sunbird	5	2		Nectarinia l. lotenia Essp.
	Mammals:
	Slender Loris	1	1	H	Loris lyddekerianus
	Toque Macaque	5	30		Macaca sinica
	Grey Langur	4	50		Presbytis entellus
	Purple-faced Leaf Monkey	3	10