PERU: The Manu Biosphere Reserve and Machú Picchú 2006

 

“The WINGS 2006 tour to Southeastern Peru and the Manu Biosphere Reserve marked my ninth tour to this amazing region, yet I continue to be enthralled by how fantastic the birdwatching is there, and how pristine the rainforest appears.  Our trip list of some 625 species seen and heard in less than three weeks is still one of the largest lists produced by ANY regular tour we run in the world.  Although the actual number seen is less important than the overall birding experience and enjoyment had by the participants, it is difficult to ignore the fact that we encountered more than 50 species of antbirds, 50 species of tanagers, 40 species of hummingbirds, 13 species of toucans and barbets, and on and on through all of the Neotropical families.  The diversity one experiences during this transect from high elevation paramo to lowland Amazonian rainforest will make your eyes spin!

 

We began the tour with a flight from Lima to Cusco, and went directly out to the Huacarpay Lakes, a scenic area with a nice selection of high-elevation water birds and other specialties.  We had a very productive few hours seeing such birds as Bearded Mountaineer, Streak-fronted Thornbird, Rusty-fronted Canastero, Andean Negrito, Puna Teal, Plumbeous Rail, Andean Gull, and Puna Ibis.  On the grounds of our hotel in the Sacred Valley of the Incas we saw our first Chestnut-breasted Mountain-Finch, and at dusk, a Black-chested Buzzard-Eagle cruised overhead.  Machu Picchu is always a highlight of the tour, and our tour with local guide, David, was well worth it!  The birding in the Machu Picchu area was also very good, where some of the better birds we saw included the endemic Inca Wren, Ocellated Piculet, a male Masked Fruiteater, many Torrent Ducks, specialty flycatchers such as Sclater’s and Mottle-cheeked Tyrannulets, and fun hummingbirds such as the endemic Green-and-white Hummingbird, Gould’s Inca, and Chestnut-breasted Coronet.  But, again, the best memory was the incredible Inca ruins at Machu Picchu!

 

Although the bulk of the tour concentrates on lowland areas in the Manu Biosphere Reserve, we do make a transect through high elevation areas, with one night of necessary camping at Pillahuata, and three nights at the wonderful Cock-of-the-Rock Lodge.  We were lucky “again” with a nice night for camping (NO RAIN!), and the birding at the high elevations was great.  Our journey through the high and dry montane valleys on our way to Manu netted us some very interesting birds, including Creamy-crested Spinetail, Slender-billed Miner, both Peruvian and Mourning Sierra-Finches, Aplomado Falcon, and Andean Ibis.  One of the more amazing moments of the tour was walking right up to a female Swallow-tailed Nightjar on the ground.

 

Working our way down slope through the untouched temperate and subtropical forest, we saw a number of fantastic birds including Gray-breasted Mountain-Toucan, Undulated Antpitta, White-collared Jay, Inca Flycatcher, Chestnut-belted Chat-Tyrant, and Grass-green Tanager, and Hooded Mountain-Tanager.  It was on this day that we experienced our only serious rain (only in the late afternoon), but driving under a temporary waterfall was perhaps one of the more memorable moments of the tour!  Our stay at Cock-of-the-Rock Lodge was lots of fun as usual.

 

The Cock-of-the-Rock lek was incredibly active with as many as 15-20 males present and displaying right along the road as usual.  Birding above and below the lodge was excellent, although our search for the new, unnamed species of tanager was unsuccessful - maybe next year!  Despite missing this rare tanager, we did see a plethora of other fancy tanagers, including flocks of Paradise, and other Tangaras such as Spotted, Golden, Golden-eared, and Beryl-spangled.  Some of the “upper tropical” specialties seen included Wattled Guan, Solitary and Black-and-Chestnut Eagles, Lyre-tailed Nightjar, Cinnamon-faced Tyrannulet, Chestnut-backed Antshrike, Yellow-breasted Antwren, Black-backed Tody-Flycatcher, Amazonian Umbrellabird, Yungas Manakin, and Orange-eared Tanager, just to name a few!

 

Amazonia Lodge is always one of my favorite places to visit - an original citrus plantation turned into a birdwatchers paradise.  The Yabar family makes us feel at home with family-style service (cold lemonade upon arrival and Pisco sours on the porch!).  Birding from the porch is a real highlight, from Red-capped Cardinals and Masked Crimson Tanagers coming into the feeders, to a wide variety of hummingbirds, including Rufous-crested Coquette and Golden-tailed Sapphire, coming into the Verbain flowers.  It’s a great spot to spend one’s siesta!  Birding the jeep track is also incredibly productive.  Nice birds such as Fine-barred Piculet, Chestnut-tailed and Black-throated Antbirds, Band-tailed Manakin, Ringed Antpipit, White-thighed Swallow, and Chestnut-vented Conebill were just a sample of the many amazing birds we saw there.  Certainly one of my favourite birds of the tour was the Rufous-fronted Anthrush we saw well along the jeep track - a species only recently discovered to be present at Amazonia Lodge. Other fun birds seen here included Common Potoo, several Hoatzins, Rufescent Tiger-Heron, a beautiful male Scarlet-hooded Barbet, Sooty and Silvered Antbirds, and Pectoral Sparrow.  Our visit to Amazonia Lodge was a memorable highlight of the tour.

 

It was then off to my favorite lodge in Amazonia, Manu Wildlife Center.  Our seven hour boat trip down the Madre de Dios River into the heart of the lowland rainforest was another highlight, with lots to look at during the journey - lots of macaws, hundreds of Sand-coloured Nightjars, both Collared Plover and Pied Lapwings, and fabulous views of raptors such as Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle, Bat Falcons, and King Vulture.  Manu Wildlife Center has a very varied array of fun birding activities.  Our visit to the parrot and macaw clay lick (Collpa Lorros) was exciting, as some 50 Red-and-green Macaws were seen coming to the river bank to ingest dirt to counteract the acids from their usual fruit diet.  Other parrots such as hundreds of Blue-headeds and Mealy Parrots, and the stunning Orange-cheeked Parrot were also present.  At Cocha Camungo we had great success seeing Pale-eyed Blackbird and Purus Jacamar, and a big surprise was a family group of Giant Otters.  At Cocha Blanco we found another family of Giant Otters, and had a wonderful morning floating around this beautiful oxbow where we saw a number of great birds, including Azure Gallinule, Sungrebe, Black-collared Hawk, Band-tailed Antbird, Horned Screamer, and Chestnut-fronted Macaw.  Our two visits to the canopy tower was yet another big highlight of the tour.  Unless one has experienced a visit to the canopy, it is difficult to accurately describe how unique and exciting being among the treetops can be.  Some of the fabulous birds we experienced up there included both Curl-crested and Ivory-billed Aracaris, Yellow-ridged and Cuvier’s Toucans, Cream-crested, Scaly-breasted, Red-stained, and Red-necked Woodpeckers, Turquoise and Opal-rumped Tanagers, Lawrence’s Thrush, Spot-winged Antshrike, and great views of Chestnut-shouldered Antwren, all birds difficult (or impossible) to see from the ground. Our ventures into the terra firme forest were equally productive, with some of the better birds being Pale-winged Trumpeter, Ringed Woodpecker, Plain Softtail, Long-billed Woodcreeper, White-eyed Antwren, Black-faced Anthrush, and White-winged Shrike-Tanager.

 

During our visit to the bamboo, although hard work, we still managed to see several of the most-specialized species of the region, such as Manu Antbird, Bamboo Antshrike, Brown-rumped Foliage-gleaner, Large-headed and Dusky-tailed Flatbills.  In all, our stay at Manu Wildlife Center was incredible for birds, several species of monkeys, and just an enjoyable experience.

 

We finished the tour by continuing down river to Puerto Maldonado - a more secure way of returning to Cusco and Lima.  Outside Puerto Maldonado we were able to spend a morning birding, where we saw a number of interesting species, including lots of Red-bellied Macaws, Sulphury and Rusty-margined Flycatchers, Red-breasted Blackbirds (a recent invader into Peru), and the bird of the morning, Point-tailed Palmcreeper.  We arrived in Lima in the late afternoon in time to do some quick birding along the coast, where we saw Peruvian Thick-knee, Peruvian Booby, Peruvian Pelican, Gray, Kelp, Band-tailed, and Franklin’s Gulls, and a wide variety of shorebirds. T he trip ended in Lima with flights home with, I hope, lots of incredible memories of a fantastic tour.”  Gary Rosenberg.

 

 

BIRD LIST

 

Column 1 = number of days recorded

Column 2 = greatest daily total

H = heard only

 

 

Gray Tinamou    

4

1

H

Tinamus tao

Great Tinamou

3

1

H

Tinamus major

Hooded Tinamou

1

1

H

Nothocercus nigrocapillus

Cinereous Tinamou

2

1

H

Crypturellus cinereus

Little Tinamou

1

1

H

Crypturellus soui

Brown Tinamou

3

1

H

Crypturellus obsoletus

Undulated Tinamou

2

1

H

Crypturellus undulatus

Black-capped Tinamou

3

1

H

Crypturellus atrocapillus

Variegated Tinamou

2

1

H

Crypturellus variegatus

Bartlett's Tinamou

1

1

H

Crypturellus bartletti

Horned Screamer

3

8

 

Anhima cornuta

Muscovy Duck

4

2

 

Cairina moschata

Torrent Duck

2

30

 

Merganetta armata

"Andean" Speckled Teal

1

20

 

Anas flavirostris andium

Yellow-billed Pintail

1

3

 

Anas georgica

White-cheeked Pintail

1

30

 

Anas bahamensis

Puna Teal

1

20

 

Anas puna

Cinnamon Teal

2

40

 

Anas cyanoptera

"Andean" Ruddy Duck

2

20

 

Oxyura jamaicensis ferruginea

Speckled Chachalaca

5

5

 

Ortalis guttata

Andean Guan

3

3

 

Penelope montagnii

Spix's Guan

3

2

 

Penelope jacquacu

Wattled Guan

1

1

 

Aburria aburri

Razor-billed Curassow

1

1

H

Mitu tuberosum

Rufous-breasted Wood-Quail

2

2

H

Odontophorus speciosus

White-tufted Grebe

2

2

 

Rollandia rolland

"Peruvian" Brown Pelican

1

3

 

Pelecanus occidentalis thagus

Peruvian Booby

1

15

 

Sula variegata

Neotropic Cormorant

5

40

 

Phalacrocorax brasilianus

Red-legged Cormorant

1

1

 

Phalacrocorax gaimardi

Guanay Cormorant

1

3

 

Phalacrocorax bougainvillii

Anhinga

1

2

 

Anhinga anhinga

Rufescent Tiger-Heron

3

1

 

Tigrisoma lineatum

Fasciated Tiger-Heron

2

1

 

Tigrisoma fasciatum

Black-crowned Night-Heron

1

1

 

Nycticorax nycticorax

Agami Heron

1

1

 

Agamia agami

Striated Heron

2

1

 

Butorides striata

Cattle Egret

3

1

 

Bubulcus ibis

Cocoi Heron

5

25

 

Ardea cocoi

Great Egret

6

25

 

Ardea alba

Capped Heron

6

3

 

Pilherodius pileatus

Snowy Egret

6

25

 

Egretta thula

Little Blue Heron

2

1

 

Egretta caerulea

Puna Ibis

3

22

 

Plegadis ridgwayi

Andean Ibis

1

2

 

Theristicus branickii

Roseate Spoonbill

1

1

 

Platalea ajaja

Jabiru

1

1

 

Jabiru mycteria

Wood Stork

2

3

 

Mycteria americana

Turkey Vulture

4

20

 

Cathartes aura

Greater Yellow-headed Vulture

7

25

 

Cathartes melambrotus

Black Vulture

8

50

 

Coragyps atratus

King Vulture

5

2

 

Sarcoramphus papa

Osprey

1

1

 

Pandion haliaetus

Swallow-tailed Kite

2

10

 

Elanoides forficatus

Slender-billed Kite

1

1

 

Rostrhamus hamatus

Double-toothed Kite

3

2

 

Harpagus bidentatus

Plumbeous Kite

8

50

 

Ictinia plumbea

Tiny Hawk

2

1

 

Accipiter superciliosus

Semicollared Hawk

1

2

 

Accipiter collaris

Slate-colored Hawk

1

1

 

Leucopternis schistaceus

Great Black Hawk

1

1

 

Buteogallus urubitinga

Solitary Eagle

1

3

 

Harpyhaliaetus solitarius

Black-collared Hawk

2

2

 

Busarellus nigricollis

Black-chested Buzzard-Eagle

2

1

 

Geranoaetus melanoleucus

Roadside Hawk

6

4

 

Buteo magnirostris

Short-tailed Hawk

3

1

 

Buteo brachyurus

Puna Hawk

1

1

 

Buteo poecilochrous

Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle

3

1